Herbal Fructus Amomi mafuta Natural massage Diffusers 1kg Bulk Amomum villosum Akakosha mafuta

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Mhuri yeZingiberaceae yakwezva kutarisisa kuri kuwedzera mukutsvagisa kwealelopathic nekuda kwemafuta akapfuma anoshanduka uye kunhuhwirira kwenhengo dzayo. Ongororo yapfuura yakaratidza kuti makemikari kubva kuCurcuma zedoaria (zedoary) [40], Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) BLBurtt & RMSm. [41] uye Zingiber officinale Rosc. [42] vemhuri yeginger vane allelopathic madhara pakumera kwembeu uye kukura kwembeu yechibage, lettuce nematomatisi. Chidzidzo chedu chemazuva ano ndicho chiziviso chekutanga pamusoro pebasa realelopathic rekuparara kubva pamatanda, mashizha, uye michero miduku yeA. villosum (nhengo yemhuri yeZingiberaceae). Mafuta emafuta emiti, mashizha, uye michero miduku yaiva 0.15%, 0.40%, uye 0.50%, zvichiteerana, zvichiratidza kuti michero yakabudisa huwandu hukuru hwemafuta anopisa kupfuura mashizha nemashizha. Izvo zvikamu zvikuru zvemafuta anopisa kubva pamatanda aiva β-pinene, β-phellandrene uye α-pinene, iyo yaiva muenzaniso wakafanana neyemakemikari makuru emafuta emashizha, β-pinene uye α-pinene (monoterpene hydrocarbons). Kune rumwe rutivi, mafuta muzvibereko zviduku akanga akapfuma mu bornyl acetate uye camphor (oxygenated monoterpenes). Zvigumisiro zvakatsigirwa nezvakawanikwa zveDo N Dai [30,32] uye Hui Ao [31] akanga aziva mafuta kubva kunhengo dzakasiyana dzeA. villosum.

Pakave nemishumo yakawanda pamusoro pekukura kwechirimwa inhibitory zviitiko zveaya macompounds makuru mune mamwe marudzi. Shalinder Kaur akawana kuti α-pinene kubva mueucalyptus yakadzvanya kureba kwemidzi uye kureba kweAmaranthus viridis L. pa1.0 μL43], uye imwe ongororo yakaratidza kuti α-pinene inhibited early root root and cause oxidative damage in root tissue through kuwedzera chizvarwa che reactive oxygen species [44]. Mimwe mishumo yakakakavara kuti β-pinene inhibited kumera uye kukura kwembeu yemasora ebvunzo nenzira inoenderana nedosi nekukanganisa kutendeka kwe membrane [45], kushandura biochemistry yechirimwa uye kuwedzera mabasa eperoxidases uye polyphenol oxidases [46]. β-Phellandrene yakaratidza kuvharidzira kwakanyanya kumera uye kukura kweVigna unguiculata (L.) Walp pamusangano we600 ppm [47], nepo, pahuwandu hwe 250 mg / m3, camphor yakadzvinyirira radicle uye kukura kwepfuti yeLepidium sativum L. [48]. Nekudaro, tsvakiridzo inoshuma iyo allelopathic mhedzisiro ye bornyl acetate ishoma. Muchidzidzo chedu, allelopathic mhedzisiro ye β-pinene, bornyl acetate uye camphor pakureba kwemidzi yakanga isina simba kupfuura yemafuta anopisa kunze kwea-pinene, nepo mafuta emashizha, akapfuma mu α-pinene, aivewo akanyanya phytotoxic kupfuura anowirirana anopisa. mafuta kubva kumadzinde nemichero yeA. villosum, zvese zvakawanikwa zvichiratidza kuti α-pinene ingave yakakosha kemikari yealelopathy nerudzi urwu. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhedzisiro yakaratidzawo kuti mamwe makomisheni mumafuta emichero aive asina kuwanda anogona kubatsira mukugadzirwa kweiyo phytotoxic athari, kuwanikwa kunoda kumwe kutsvagisa mune ramangwana.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, iyo allelopathic mhedzisiro yealelochemicals ndeyemhando-zvakananga. Jiang et al. akawana kuti mafuta anokosha akabudiswa neArtemisia sieversiana akaita simba rakawanda paAmaranthus retroflexus L. pane Medicago sativa L., Poa annua L., uye Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. [49]. Mune imwe ongororo, mafuta anopisa eLavandula angustifolia Mill. yakagadzira madhigirii akasiyana e phytotoxic mhedzisiro pamhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa. Lolium multiflorum Lam. ndiyo yaive yakanyanya kugashira mhando yemhando, hypocotyl uye kukura kukuru kuchidzivirirwa ne87.8% uye 76.7%, zvichiteerana, pamwero we1 μL/mL mafuta, asi kukura kwe hypocotyl yemhodzi yemagaka hakuna kukanganiswa [20]. Zvigumisiro zvedu zvakaratidzawo kuti paiva nekusiyana kwekunzwa kuA. villosum volatiles pakati peL. sativa naL. perenne.

Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemafuta uye mafuta anokosha emhando imwe chete anogona kusiyanisa muhuwandu uye / kana hutano nekuda kwemamiriro ekukura, zvikamu zvezvirimwa uye nzira dzekuona. Semuenzaniso, mushumo wakaratidza kuti pyranoid (10.3%) uye β-caryophyllene (6.6%) ndiyo yakasanganiswa zvikuru yezvinoputika zvakabuda kubva pamashizha eSambucus nigra, nepo benzaldehyde (17.8%), α-bulnesene (16.6%) uye tetracosane. (11.5%) aive akawanda mumafuta akatorwa kubva mumashizha [50]. Muchidzidzo chedu, mishonga inoputika yakasunungurwa nemidziyo yemiti mitsva yakanga ine simba realelopathic pamiti yekuedza kupfuura iyo yakabviswa mafuta anopisa, misiyano yekupindura inonyatsoenderana nekusiyana kwealelochemicals iripo mumagadzirirwo maviri. Misiyano chaiyo pakati pemafuta anoputika uye mafuta inoda kuongororwa zvakare mukuedza kunotevera.

Misiyano mukusiyana-siyana kwehutachiona uye hutachiona hwenharaunda mumasampuli evhu kwaakange awedzerwa maoiri aienderana nemakwikwi pakati pezvipembenene pamwe nechero huturu hwehupfu uye nguva yemafuta anopisa muvhu. Vokou naLiotiri [51] vakawana kuti kushandiswa kwakasiyana kwemafuta mana akakosha (0.1 mL) kune ivhu rakarimwa (150 g) yakabatiswa kufema kwemasampu evhu, kunyangwe maoiri aisiyana mukugadzirwa kwawo kwemakemikari, zvichiratidza kuti mafuta ezvirimwa anoshandiswa sekabhoni uye sosi yesimba. kuitika ivhu microorganisms. Dhiyabhorosi yakawanikwa kubva kuongororo yemazuva ano yakasimbisa kuti mafuta emiti yose yeA. villosum akabatsira pakuwedzera kuri pachena kwenhamba yezvipembenene zvevhu nezuva re14 mushure mekuwedzera kwemafuta, zvichiratidza kuti mafuta anogona kupa kabhoni kune zvakawanda. ivhu fungi. Imwe ongororo yakashuma zvakawanikwa: ma microorganisms evhu akadzoreredza basa rawo rekutanga uye biomass mushure menguva pfupi yekusiyana kwakakonzerwa nekuwedzerwa kweThymbra capitata L. (Cav) oiri, asi mafuta pachiyero chepamusoro (0.93 µL oiri pagiramu revhu) haana kubvumira tupukanana twevhu kuti tiwanezve kushanda kwekutanga [52]. Muchidzidzo chemazuva ano, zvichibva pakuongorora hutachiona hwevhu mushure mekurapwa nemazuva akasiyana uye huwandu, takafungidzira kuti nharaunda yemabhakitiriya evhu yaizopora mushure memazuva mazhinji. Kusiyana neizvi, iyo fungal microbiota haigone kudzokera kune yayo yekutanga. Mhedzisiro inotevera inosimbisa iyi hypothesis: iyo yakasarudzika mhedzisiro yekunyanya kuwanda kwemafuta pakuumbwa kwevhu fungal microbiome yakaratidzwa neprincipal co-ordinates ongororo (PCoA), uye iyo heatmap mharidzo yakasimbisa zvakare kuti fungal nharaunda kuumbwa kwevhu. kurapwa ne 3.0 mg/mL mafuta (kureva 0.375 mg oiri pagiramu revhu) padanho rejenasi rakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mamwe marapirwo. Parizvino, tsvagiridzo nezvemhedzisiro yekuwedzerwa kwemonoterpene hydrocarbons kana oxygenated monoterpenes pane ivhu hutachiona siyana uye chimiro chenharaunda chichiri kushomeka. Zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvakashuma kuti α-pinene yakawedzera ivhu microbial chiitiko uye hukama huzhinji hweMethylophilaceae (boka remethylotrophs, Proteobacteria) pasi pehunyoro hwehunyoro, ichiita basa rinokosha se carbon source muvhu rakaoma [53]. Saizvozvo, mafuta anopisa eA. villosum chirimwa chose, chine 15.03% α-pinene (Wedzero Tafura S1), zviri pachena kuti yakawedzera huwandu hwehuwandu hweProteobacteria pa 1.5 mg / mL uye 3.0 mg / mL, iyo yakaratidza kuti α-pinene inogona kuita seimwe ye carbon sources yevhu microorganisms.

Mishonga inoputika yakagadzirwa nenhengo dzakasiyana dzeA. villosum yakanga ine madhigirii akasiyana-siyana ealelopathic madhara paL. sativa uye L. perenne, iyo yainyatsoenderana nemakemikari emiti iyo A. villosum plant parts. Kunyange zvazvo kuumbwa kwemakemikari emafuta anopisa akasimbiswa, zvipembenene zvinoputika zvakasunungurwa neA. villosum pakupisa kwekamuri hazvizivikanwi, izvo zvinoda kuongororwa. Uyezve, iyo synergistic mhedzisiro pakati peakasiyana allelochemicals inofanirwawo kutariswa. Panyaya yezvipembenene zvevhu, kuti tiongorore mhedzisiro yemafuta anoputika pazvipembenene zvevhu zvakazara, isu tichiri kuda kuita tsvakiridzo yakadzama: wedzera nguva yekurapa kwemafuta anoputika uye kusiyanisa kusiyanisa kwemakemikari ekuumbwa kwemafuta ari muvhu. pamazuva akasiyana.

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Allelopathy inowanzotsanangurwa sechero yakananga kana isina kunanga, yakanaka kana yakaipa mhedzisiro neimwe yemiti pane imwe kuburikidza nekugadzirwa uye kuburitswa kwemakemikari emakemikari munharaunda [1]. Zvirimwa zvinoburitsa allelochemicals mumhepo yakatenderedza uye ivhu kuburikidza nekuputika, foliar leaching, exudation yemidzi, uye kuparara kwakasara [2]. Seboka rimwe remakemikari anokosha ealelochemicals, zvinhu zvinoputika zvinopinda mumhepo nevhu nenzira dzakafanana: zvinomera zvinobudisa mhepo mumhepo zvakananga [3]; mvura inonaya inosuka zvinhu izvi (senge monoterpenes) kubva mumashizha ekuvanzika kwemashizha uye wakisi yepamusoro, zvichipa mukana wezvinhu zvinoputika muvhu [4]; midzi yechirimwa inogona kuburitsa mhepo inokonzeresa marara uye pathogen-induced volatile muvhu [5]; izvi zviri mumarara ezvirimwa zvinoburitswawo muvhu rakapoteredza [6]. Parizvino, mafuta anoputika ave achiongororwa zvakanyanya kuti ashandiswe mukutonga masora uye zvipembenene [7,8,9,10,11]. Vanowanikwa vachiita nekupararira mumhepo yavo yegasi mumhepo uye nekushandurwa kuva dzimwe nyika kupinda kana kupinda muvhu [3,12], ichiita basa rinokosha mukudzivisa kukura kwechirimwa nekudyidzana uye kuchinja nharaunda yezvirimwa nemasora [13]. Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzinoratidza kuti allelopathy inogona kufambisa kugadzwa kwehutongi hwemhando dzezvirimwa mune zvakasikwa ecosystem [14,15,16]. Naizvozvo, marudzi makuru ezvirimwa anogona kutariswa seanogona kunobva ealelochemicals.

Mumakore achangopfuura, allelopathic mhedzisiro uye allelochemicals zvishoma nezvishoma zvakagamuchira zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kutariswa kubva kune vaongorori nechinangwa chekuona zvakakodzera zvinotsiva zvekugadzira herbicides [17,18,19,20]. Nekuda kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekurima, mishonga yesora iri kuwedzera kushandiswa kudzora kukura kwesora. Zvisinei, kushandiswa zvisina tsarukano kwemishonga yesora kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwematambudziko ekuramba sora, kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma kwevhu, uye njodzi kuutano hwevanhu [21]. Mishonga yemasikirwo inonzi allelopathic kubva muzvirimwa inogona kupa mukana wakakura wekugadzirwa kwemishonga mitsva yesora, kana semisanganiswa yemutobvu inozivisa mishonga yesora mitsva [yakabva kune zvakasikwa]17,22].

Amomum villosum Lour. is a perennial herbaceous chirimwa mumhuri yeginger, inokura kusvika kureba 1.2-3.0 m mumumvuri wemiti. Inoparadzirwa zvakanyanya muSouth China, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeSoutheast Asia. Muchero wakaoma weA. villosum rudzi rwezvinonhuwirira zvakajairika nekuda kwekunaka kwawo [23] uye inomiririra mushonga wemumakwenzi unozivikanwa zvikuru kuChina, unoshandiswa zvakanyanya kurapa zvirwere zvomudumbu. Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakashuma kuti mafuta anopisa akapfuma muA. villosum ndiwo anonyanya kuumba mishonga uye zvinonhuhwirira [24,25,26,27]. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti mafuta anokosha eA. villosum anoratidza huturu hwehutachiona hweTribolium castaneum (Herbst) neLasioderma serricorne (Fabricius), uye yakasimba fumigant toxicity pamusoro peT. castaneum [28]. Panguva imwecheteyo, A. villosum ine kukanganisa kwechirimwa kusiyana-siyana, biomass, litterfall uye kudya kwevhu kwekutanga masango emvura [29]. Nekudaro, iyo ecological basa remafuta anoputika uye allelopathic makomisheni hazvisati zvazivikanwa. Muchiedza chezvidzidzo zvekare mumakemikari anoumba A. villosum anokosha oiri [30,31,32], chinangwa chedu ndechekuongorora kana A. villosum inoburitsa makomisheni ane allelopathic mumhepo nemuvhu kubatsira kusimbisa hutongi hwayo. Nokudaro, tinoronga: (i) kuongorora uye kuenzanisa zvikamu zvemakemikari emafuta anopisa kubva kune nhengo dzakasiyana dzeA. villosum; (ii) ongorora allelopathy yemafuta anoputika akatorwa uye anokanganisa makemikari kubva kuA. villosum, uye wozoziva makemikari aive nealelopathic mhedzisiro paLactuca sativa L. uye Lolium perenne L.; uye (iii) kutanga kuongorora zvinokonzerwa nemafuta kubva kuA. villosum pane zvakasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro emunharaunda ye microorganisms muvhu.