tsananguro pfupi:
Imwe nzira yekugadzirira yemafuta mashanu-mashizha akachena emuti anopisa
Munda wehunyanzvi
Chigadzirwa chazvino chine chekuita nemashizha mashanu emuti wakachena unopisa mafuta munda, imhando yekugadzirira nzira yemafuta mashanu-mashizha akachena emuti anopisa.
Background tekinoroji
Muindasitiri yezvekudya, sanitas chimwe chekuwedzera kwakakosha. Inyaya yekuti kirasi itore chikafu chekuwedzera kukosha kwechikafu uye hunhu hwepakutanga chinhu. Parizvino sanitas yakajairika ndiyo yakawanda ine chemosynthesis sanitas munyika, asi inokwezva chemosynthesis sanitas is carcinous, teratogenecity uye matambudziko akadai sechikafu chisingaperi chepfu izvo zvinokonzeresa zviri nyore zvakakonzera kushushikana kwakanyanya munharaunda.Mumakore achangopfuura, pamwe nekusimudzwa kwehupenyu hwevanhu uye chiyero chekushandisa, kudiwa kwekugadzirisa chikafu zvakare zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya. kuchinja kune nzira dzakadai se " greens " uye " natural ".Saka, tsvakurudzo uye kugadzirwa kwechikafu chakachengeteka chekushanda chikafu sanitas zvinongoratidzika zvakanyanya uye zvakakosha.Antiseptics yezvokudya zvakasikwa inogona kugoverwa kuva microbialpreservatives (N,O-Diacetylmuramidase, nisin, tennecetin, epsilon-polysine), creatural preservative (protamine, propolis, chitosan) uye chirimwa chinobva antiseptic mumiririri (tii-polyphenol, zvirimwa zvinokosha mafuta, garlicin, anthraquinone mishonga yemakwenzi)) Miti inokosha mafuta ari umo kirasi dzinongoitika vegetal feed additives, anogona. Chaiyo chikafu chinonhuhwirira, kupa kunhuhwirira, pendi, anti-oxidant, inorwisa mabhakitiriya (anticorrosion) uye physiological uye pharmacological mhedzisiro mukuwedzera izvo zvine.Seimwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha dzeanosikwa antiseptic agent, kubva mumiti yakakosha mafuta, sefa inobudirira, yehupfumi, chengetedzo inochengetedza zvinhu sezvekuchengetedza chikafu, vane tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa uye Kukosha Kwekutsvaga zvakanyanya.
Parizvino, antibacterial tsvagiridzo yekudyara yakawanda, maererano nemhedzisiro yayo yekutsvagisa, ingangove inogona kukamurwa kuva anotevera marudzi matatu: kukonzeresa izvo zvinodzora mhedzisiro tsvakiridzo yepathogenic mabhakitiriya ekuparara kwechikafu anowana masikirwo ezvikafu zvinodzivirira, kudzora mhedzisiro yekutsvaga phytopathogen ndiyo. yakagadziridzwa yemazuva ano uye inodzivisa mugumisiro tsvakurudzo yemuviri wemunhu pathogenic bhakitiriya inogadzirwa kune newtype drug.Zvichakadaro, maererano nekupatsanurwa zvakare nzvimbo yechiito chekutsvakurudza kwemiti: bvisa zvinomera zvakakosha mafuta uye uite tsvakurudzo yeantibacterial, midzi yemiti, dzinde, shizha. inoitwa kune antibacterial kuyedza uye anti-microbial chiitiko tsvagiridzo yekudyara endogenesis fungus inobvisa ine organic solvent kubviswa.
Pahwaro hwekuti kugadzirwa kwazvino kunoitirwa kune mashanu-mashizha akachena muti unopisa mafuta ekubvisa; kushandiswa kune lotus rhizome anti-corrosive fresh-cheeping; biocidal property, kuchengetedzwa sezvicherwa zvinochengetedza chikafu; kuwana girinhi, yakachengeteka uye inovimbika inochengeterwa chikafu chezvirimwa; nokuda kwekusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwemuti wakachena une mashizha mashanu kunopa maitiro ekuedza; kunatsiridza mwero wekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvechirimwa, gadzira kukosha kwehupfumi hwepamusoro.
Muti wakachena une mashizha mashanu (Vitex negundo Linn) inonzi Verbenaceae Vitex marudzi, rimwe zita rine mashizha mashanu akachena muti bar, Fructus Viticis Negundo, jira rakachena muti, matavi emuti wakachena, mhepo yeminwe mishanu, Folium vilicis Negundo. gore negore machaka kana dungarunga, uye kureba kwechirimwa kunogona kusvika 6m, uye bazi, shizha nedzinde zvese zvine kunhuhwirira, kubva kuchikamu chikamu chebazi, uye kuvhara mbishi canescence bvudzi rakanaka. -5 sheet, uye chiedza chegirini, is ellipticity avette kune lanceolar, yakazara mupendero kana zvishoma sawtooth, chena vhudzi rakanaka rehupenyu hwepedyo kumashure, kukwiza kune peat-reek.Kuvapo kwakakodzera kwemuti wakachena wemashizha mashanu mune torrid zone uye Temperate Region muChina, inoparadzirwa zvakanyanya muChina Yangtze mupata uye matunhu ega ega nematunhu, kumaodzanyemba, uye zvakare kune kugoverwa muShandong.Eastern Africa zvakare inoparadzira zvakanyanya kuburikidza nepasi seBolivia yeMadagascar, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Asia uye South America.
Yellow vitex mhodzi, shizha, bazi nemidzi zvese zvinogona kushandiswa semushonga.Yellow vitex mbeu ine apophlegmatic inobvisa kukosora uye inoderedza mhedzisiro yebronchospasm, inorapa kunyanya dzihwa, kukosora, asthma, wandering arthritis, marariya, mudumbu, hernia, anal fistula. Negundo Chastetree Leaf inokwanisa kudzoreredza kutonhora, kubvisa kunyorova, kubvisa huturu, kurapa zvakanyanya furuwenza, kupisa, kurutsa uye manyoka, manyoka, marariya, jaundice, rheumatism, kurapa kuzvimba uye kurwadziwa nekukuvara kunorwadza, marwadzo mange, uye anogona kudzivirira kukura kwe formaldehyde sacroiliitis kuzvimba.The decoction yeNegundo Chastetree Leaf kana mudzi ine kudzora simba kune bacillus yakadai se streptococcus aureus, beta hemolytic streptococcus uye ura hombe, anthrax, diphtheria, typhoid fever, green pus, dysentery.
Miti mishanu-yakachena inodyara mafuta anokosha, inodawo mafuta anonhuwira kana mafuta anopisa, ikirasi yechirimwa-inotorwa yechipiri metabolism kirasi zvinhu, ine huremu hwemamorekuru mumidziyo yechirimwa, inogona kupfungaira nehutsi hwemvura, iine kushanduka kwemafuta emvura yehumwe hwema. .Essential mafuta anowanzo kuchera muchero, ruva, shizha uye mudzi kubva chirimwa, ane kunhuwirira kwakasimba kana kunhuhwirira.Kemikari inoumbwa zvakanyanya kuoma kuti irimo, inogona kukamurwa kuita aliphatics, aromatics series uye terpene matatu makuru marudzi uye ane yavo. okisijeni inobuda sedoro, aldehyde, ketone, asidhi, ether, ester, lactone etc. nemakemikari chimiro, inewo mukuwedzera nitrogenous uye kompani sarufa inobereka. makore mashoma, anti-microbial basa rezvirimwa mafuta anokosha uye chikamu chimwe chete chakaitwa kune tsvakurudzo yakawanda kumba uye kunze kwenyika.Research inoratidza, kuti zvirimwa zvakakosha mafuta ane antibacterial, desinsection, anti-oxidant isoreactivity, pazvimiro zvakaita semushonga, makemikari ekurima, zvinowedzerwa zvekudya, zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya.
Mafuta mashanu akachena akachena emuti ane akakosha akazara ekuuraya zvipembenene kune Zvipembenene Zvakachengetwa Zviyo zvakadai se sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis, zviyo zvishoma, uye zvinogona kudzora Fl kuitira kuumbwa kwevanhu, inoderedza huwandu hwayo.Monomer Terpane, firpene ese ane yakakwirira insecticidal kuita kune corundum Sitophilusspp. imago, zvinhu zvinouraya zvipembenene zvakakosha mumafuta ane mashizha mashanu akachena. The employing steam distillations yakadai seYang Haixia inobvisa mafuta anopisa kubva mumashizha mashanu akachena akachena. Shandisa gas chromatography/mass spectrometry teknolojia (GC.MS) kudzidza kemikari kuumbwa kwemafuta mashanu ane mashizha akachena anopisa.Iparadzaniswe kune 37 makomisheni, akaonekwa umo 28.Mainly inosanganisira caryophyllene (23.981%).Huang Qiong (2008) etc. bvisa mafuta anopisa eVitex negundo var cannabifolia ne microwave irradiation, shandisa microwave irradiation, capillary gas chromatography imwe MS yakabatana nekutsvaga kwekombuta, chimiro chayo chemakemikari inoitwa zvakateerana pakuongorora nekuzivikanwa, nenharaunda yenormalization nzira, kuyera hukama hwepakati pega yega muoiri inoputika.Result inozivisa 16 makomisheni pamwe chete, uye volatilization main body of mafuta is caryophyllene (20.14%).
Bvisa iyo yakajairika nzira yekuchera yechirimwa inopisa mafuta uye uve nemhepo inoyerera (mvura distillation nzira, distilling pamusoro pemvura nzira, steam distillation), nzira yekuparadzira mvura, nzira yekubvisa solvent, absorption nzira, supercritical CO.2abstraction technique, ultrasonic wave auxiliary extraction tekinoroji, microwave radiation induction abstraction technique, enzyme extraction tekinoroji etc.Shortcoming ndeyekuparadza hombe kune kupisa-sensitive substance and unstable constituents.
Pfupiso yezvakagadzirwa
Chinangwa chekugadzirwa ndechekupa rudzi rwekushandisa panguva imwe chete ye distillation nzira, shandisa nzira yekugadzirira yekupikisa polarity organic solvent extraction mashanu-leaved chaste tree volatile oil.
Tekinoroji chirongwa chekugadzirwa kwazvino ndechekuti, inoratidzwa mukutora uye kuyera 10g shanu-yakasara yakachena yemuti poda mufurasiki yakatenderedza-yakadzika ye1000mL, wedzera 300mL mvura yakasvibiswa uye gadzira yakawanda inonyudza zvinhu, zvakasiyana tora 50mL yakajairika hexane mu500mL flask. , batanidza distilling uye kuburitsa mudziyo panguva imwe chete, ita zvinhu kune imwe mugumo uchengete anenge 110 ± 5 ℃ ye zvishoma kuvira mamiriro ekushisa, organic solvent-yakajairika hexane imwe yekupedzisira tembiricha inodzorwa pa80 ℃ ± 5 ℃, ichibata zvese kuti reflux mumativi ese anotanga nguva. uye inochengetedza 4h, mushure mekudhirowa, organic reagent inotamiswa mumudziyo weplug triangular flask, wedzera anhydrous sodium sulphate kuti ive yakanaka-grannular isina hombe caking, firiji husiku, mushure mekuyambuka millipore sefa ye0.45 μ m, rotary evaporation inosara pane imwe huwandu hudiki, kuendesa mumuenzaniso jekiseni bhodhoro uye nitrogen inovhuvhuta kune inonyungudika-isina kunhuhwirira, kuwana yero inoputika mafuta, kune yakasimba peat-reek, mafuta akakosha aya anoitirwa GC-MS on-line kuongororwa, organic reagent yakajairika hexane inoshandurwa. uye inogadzira hexanaphthene (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃ yetembiricha), methylene dichloride (50 ℃ ± 5 ℃), ethyl acetate (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃) uye shandisa nzira imwe chete uye kuita apo distillation kudhirowa, distillation kutorwa ndiko solution uye organic reagent inoiswa mukutevedzana kumativi ese echiridzwa uye inodziiswa kuti ifashaire panguva imwe chete, mhute yemvura uye mhute inonyungudutsa (u) r inosanganiswa zvizere mumudziyo, panguva imwe cheteyo condensation inodzimwa uye organic solvent chikamu muchikamu chemvura chinoburitswa nguva dzose. ichiri mukuita yakasviba pamwe nekurebesa, nekuti mvura uye organic chikamu hazvina kunyungudika mumwe nemumwe muU-shaped pombi uye kuti iparadzaniswe, dzokera kune zvakateerana mubhokisi remativi ese, kuburikidza nedistillation, kudhirowa nzira inoenderera, kutenderera, kusvika chinhu cheiyo inoshanduka uye semi-inoputika makomisheni ekutsvaga mukutora, kupatsanurwa uye kupfumisa sampuli.
Nekuda kwekugamuchira tekinoroji chirongwa, iyo yekuwedzera nzira yekuongorora ine yekubvisa goho chimiro chakakwira, chiri nyore kushanda; Ishandiswe kutsva-kuchengeta kwetsva lotus rhizome, mhedzisiro yakanakisa; Batsira kuvandudza zviri mukati mechinangwa chemusanganiswa.
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