tsananguro pfupi:
Imwe nzira yekugadzirira yemafuta mashanu-mashizha akachena emuti anopisa
Munda wehunyanzvi
Chigadzirwa chazvino chine chekuita nemashizha mashanu emuti wakachena unopisa mafuta munda, imhando yekugadzirira nzira yemafuta mashanu-mashizha akachena emuti anopisa.
Background tekinoroji
Muindasitiri yechikafu, sanitas chimwe chezvinowedzera zvakakosha. Inyaya yekuti kirasi itore chekuwedzera chikafu chinodzivirira kukosha kwechikafu uye chimiro chepakutanga chinhu. Parizvino sanitas yakajairika ndiyo yakawanda ine chemosynthesis sanitas munyika, asi kukwezva chemosynthesis sanitas kune carcinous, matambudziko akanyanya kukonzeresa chikafu uye chepfu. makore, pamwe nekusimudzirwa kwehupenyu hwevanhu uye chiyero chekushandiswa, kudiwa kwekudya-kugadzirisa zvakare kunowedzera kuchinja kune mazano akadai se " greens " uye " natural ". Saka, tsvakurudzo nekuvandudzwa kwezvisikwa zvakachengeteka zvinoshanda zvekudya sanitas zvinongoratidzika zvakanyanya uye zvakakosha. Antiseptics yezvokudya zvechisikigo inogona kukamurwa kuita microbialpreservatives, N, 10, dicetin, Omura epsilon-polysine), creatural preservative (protamine, propolis, chitosan) uye chirimwa tsime antiseptic mumiririri (tii-polyphenol, zvirimwa zvinokosha mafuta, garlicin, anthraquinone mishonga yemakwenzi) . Plants mafuta anokosha ari umo kirasi dzinongoitika vegetal feed additives, anogona kururamisa zvokudya peculiar kunhuwa, kupa anonhuwirira, anti-oxidacord, anti-oxidacord (peintroxida) inonhuhwirira, anti-anticorrion physiological and pharmacological effect mukuwedzera that have.As one of important sources of natural antiseptic agent, from plant essential oils, sefa kunze zvakanaka, zvoupfumi, yakachengeteka kuchengetedza zvinhu sezvo zvokudya preservatives, vane yakakura chikumbiro tarisiro uye Research Kukosha zvikuru.
Parizvino, antibacterial tsvagiridzo yekudyara yakawanda, maererano nemhedzisiro yayo yekutsvagisa, inogona kukamurwa kuita zvinotevera marudzi matatu: kukonzeresa iyo inodzora mhedzisiro tsvakiridzo yepathogenic mabhakitiriya ekuora kwechikafu anowana anochengetedza chikafu chekudya, kudzora mhedzisiro tsvagiridzo yephytopathogen inogadzirwa yemazuva ano uye inodzora mhedzisiro tsvagiridzo yemuviri wemunhu pathogenic bhakitiriya inogadzirwa mune imwe saiti yekutsvagisa chiitiko chechirimwa zvakare. inodyara mafuta anokosha uye kuita tsvakiridzo yeantibacterial, midzi yezvirimwa, dzinde, shizha rinoitwa kune antibacterial kuyedza uye anti-microbial chiitiko tsvagiridzo yekudyara endogenesis fungus inobvisa ine organic solvent kubviswa.
Pahwaro hwekuti kugadzirwa kwazvino kunoitirwa kune mashanu-mashizha akachena muti unopisa mafuta ekubvisa; kushandiswa kune lotus rhizome anti-corrosive fresh-cheeping; biocidal property, kuchengetedzwa sezvicherwa zvinochengetedza chikafu; kuwana girinhi, yakachengeteka uye inovimbika inochengeterwa chikafu chezvirimwa; nokuda kwekusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwemuti wakachena une mashizha mashanu kunopa maitiro ekuedza; kunatsiridza mwero wekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvechirimwa, gadzira kukosha kwehupfumi hwepamusoro.
Muti wakachena une mashizha mashanu (Vitex negundo Linn) is Verbenaceae Vitex species, rimwe zita shanu-leaved chaste tree bar, Fructus Viticis Negundo, mucheka wakachena muti, matavi emuti wakachena, mhepo yeminwe mishanu, Folium vilicis Negundo.Iri gore negore machaka kana dungarunga, uye 6afm kureba uye denga remiti, uye denga remiti, uye denga remiti, uye denga remiti, 6af base chikamu bazi, uye pedyo mbishi canescence yakanaka hair.Leaf ndiko kuupenyu, uye palmately compound shizha, ane refu mubato, leaflet 3-5 pepa, uye chiedza girini, ari ellipticity avette kuti lanceolar, kumucheto azere kana zvishoma sawtooth, chena yakanaka bvudzi repedyo upenyu shure divi, kukwizwa ane peat-reek. The akakodzera nzvimbo yomuti mushanu. China, inoparadzirwa zvakanyanya muChina Yangtze mupata uye matunhu ega ega uye matunhu, kumaodzanyemba, uye zvakare kune kugoverwa muShandong.Eastern Africa zvakare inoparadzira zvakanyanya kuburikidza nepasi seBolivia yeMadagascar, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Asia neSouth America.
Yellow vitex mhodzi, shizha, bazi nemidzi zvese zvinogona kushandiswa semushonga.Yellow vitex mbeu ine chikosoro-relieving apophlegmatic uye inoderedza kushanda kwebronchospasm, inorapa kunyanya dzihwa, kukosora, asthma, wandering arthritis, marariya, mudumbu, hernia, anal fistula etc.Negundo Chastetreeving, super Leaf can detoxifying, kurapa kunyanya furuwenza, heatstroke, kurutsa uye manyoka, dysentery, marariya, jaundice, rheumatism, kurapa kuzvimba uye kurwadziwa nekukuvara kwekukuvara, kurwadziwa kwazvo mange, uye zvinogona kudzivirira kukura kwe formaldehyde sacroiliitis kuzvimba.The decoction yeNegundo Chastetree Leaf senge midzi kana kuti midzi ye bascorectrain austreacreaustraus austreactrain inodzivirira kugadzirwa kwe formaldehyde sacroiliitis kuzvimba. hemolytic streptococcus uye ura hombe, anthrax, diphtheria, typhoid fever, green pus, dysentery.
Miti mishanu yakachena inodyara mafuta anokosha, inonziwo mafuta ekunhuhwirira kana mafuta anopisa, ikirasi yechirimwa-yakagadzirwa sekondari yemetabolism, ine huremu hwemamolekyuli mumidziyo yechirimwa, inogona kupfungaira nemhute yemvura, ine kushanduka kwemafuta emvura yeimwe kunhuhwirira. Aliphatics, anonhuwirira akatevedzana uye terpene matatu makuru marudzi uye ayo ane okisijeni inobuda sedoro, aldehyde, ketone, asidhi, ether, ester, lactone nezvimwe nemakemikari chimiro, zvakare ine mukuwedzera nitrogenous uye komputa sulfur-bearing. hombe yakawanda tsvakurudzo zvose kumba uye kunze.Research inoratidza, kuti zvirimwa zvinokosha mafuta ane antibacterial, desinsection, anti-oxidant isoreactivity, pane zvinhu zvakadai somushonga, zvokurima makemikari, fodder additives, ane kushandiswa kwakapararira.
Mafuta mashanu akachena akachena emuti ane akakosha akazara ekuuraya zvipembenene kune Main Stored Grain Tupembenene akadai sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis, lesser grain borers, uye anogona zvinobudirira kudzora Fl pakuumbwa kwehuwandu hwevanhu, inoderedza huwandu hwayo. Imago, zvinhu zvinouraya zvipembenene zvakakosha mumafuta ane mashizha mashanu akachena. The employing steam distillations such as Yang Haixia anobvisa volatile oil kubva mumashizha mashanu akachena muti. Shandisa gas chromatography/mass spectrometry tekinoroji (GC.MS) kudzidza kuumbwa kwekemikari yemiti ine mashizha mashanu yakachena inoparadzaniswa pakati pemafuta. 28.Kunyanya kunosanganisira caryophyllene (23.981%).Huang Qiong (2008) etc. bvisa mafuta anopisa eVitex negundo var cannabifolia ne microwave irradiation, shandisa capillary gas chromatography imwe MS pamwe chete nekutsvaga kwekombiyuta, makemikari ayo ekugadzirisa nzvimbo inogadziriswa nekuenzanisa nzira, kuumbwa kwemakemikari kunoitwa nenzira yakaenzana, identification yehutano hunoenderana. volatile oil.Result inozivisa 16 makomisheni pamwe chete, uye volatilization main body of oil is caryophyllene (20.14%).
Bvisa iyo yakajairika nzira yekuchera yechirimwa inopisa mafuta uye uve nemhepo inoyerera (mvura distillation nzira, distilling pamusoro pemvura nzira, steam distillation), nzira yekuparadzira mvura, nzira yekubvisa solvent, absorption nzira, supercritical CO.2abstraction technique, ultrasonic wave auxiliary extraction tekinoroji, microwave radiation induction abstraction technique, enzyme extraction tekinoroji etc.Shortcoming ndeyekuparadza hombe kune kupisa-sensitive substance and unstable constituents.
Pfupiso yezvakagadzirwa
Chinangwa chekugadzirwa ndechekupa rudzi rwekushandisa panguva imwe chete ye distillation nzira, shandisa nzira yekugadzirira yekupikisa polarity organic solvent extraction mashanu-leaved chaste tree volatile oil.
Tekinoroji chirongwa chekugadzirwa kwazvino ndechekuti, inoratidzwa mukutora uye kuyera 10g shanu-yakasara yakachena yemuti poda mudenderedzwa-pasi-bhodhoro re 1000mL, wedzera 300mL mvura yakanyungudutswa uye gadzira yakawanda inonyudza zvinhu, zvakasiyana tora 50mL yakajairika hexane mu500ml gadzira dhizaini imwe chete, chengeta dhizaini imwe chete, chengeta chidimbu chimwe chete, chengeta chigadziriso chimwe chete. 110 ± 5 ℃ ye tembiricha yekubikira zvishoma, organic solvent-yakajairika hexane imwe yekupedzisira tembiricha inodzorwa pa80 ℃ ± 5 ℃, kurapa zvese kune reflux kumativi ese kunotanga nguva uye kuchengetedza 4h, mushure mekudzurwa, organic reagent inotamirwa mumudziyo plug triangular kune yakakura anhydrous flask yesodium. caking, firiji usiku hwose, mushure mekuyambuka millipore filtration ye0.45 μ m, rotary evaporation ndeyekusara pane diki, kuendesa mumuenzaniso bhodhoro rejekiseni uye nitrogen inovhuvhuta kune inonyungudika-isina kunhuhwirira, kuwana yero inoputika mafuta, kune yakasimba peat-reek, mafuta akakosha aya anochinjwa kuita GC, organic pa-line inoshandurwa kuita GC organic, organic pa-line. hexanaphthene (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃ yetembiricha), methylene dichloride (50 ℃ ± 5 ℃), ethyl acetate (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃) uye shandisa nzira imwe chete uye kuita apo distillation kudhirowa, distillation kudhirowa ndiko kune organic acetate yezviridzwa uye sampuli inoremekedzeka yezviridzwa. kupisa kusvika pakuvira panguva imwe chete, mhute yemvura uye mhute inonyungudutsa (u) r inosanganiswa zvakakwana mumudziyo, panguva imwe chete condensation inodzimwa uye organic solvent chikamu muchikamu chemvura chinobudiswa chinoramba chiri muhutsvina pamwe chete nekurebesa, nokuti mvura uye organic chikamu hazvinyunguduki mumwe nemumwe muU-shaped pombi uye kuti iparadzaniswe, dzokera kune imwe neimwe nzira yekuparadzanisa kuenderera mberi, kutenderera, kusvika kune chinhu chinoputika uye semi-volatile makomisheni ekutsvaga mukutora, kupatsanura uye kupfumisa sampuli.
Nekuda kwekugamuchira tekinoroji chirongwa, iyo yekuwedzera nzira yekuongorora ine yekubvisa goho chimiro chakakwira, chiri nyore kushanda; Ishandiswe kutsva-kuchengeta kwetsva lotus rhizome, mhedzisiro yakanakisa; Batsira kuvandudza zviri mukati mechinangwa chemusanganiswa.
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